The Role of Advertising in Marketing Communications

THE ROLE OF ADVERTISING IN MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS Marketing communications: Marketing communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers – directly or indirectly – about the products and brands that they sell. In a sense, marketing communications represent the â€Å"voice† of the brand and are a means by which it can establish a dialogue and build relationships with consumers. Marketing communications perform several functions for consumers. Consumers can be told or shown how or why a product is used, by what kind of person, and where and when; consumers can learn about who makes the product and what the company and brand stand for; and they can be given an incentive or reward for trial or usage.†¦show more content†¦The advantages of events and experiences are as follows: Relevant: A well chosen event or experience can be seen as highly relevant as the consumer gets personally involved. Involving: Given their live, real – time quality, consumers can find events and experiences more actively engaging. Implicit: Events are more of an indirect â€Å"soft - sell† 4. PUBLIC RELATIONS AND PUBLICITY – A variety of programs designed to promote or protect a company’s image or its individual products. Marketers tend to under use public relations, yet a well thought out program coordinated with other communications mix elements can be extremely effective. The advantages of public relations are as follows: High credibility: News stories and features are more authentic and credible to readers than ads. Ability to catch buyers off – guard: Public relations can reach prospects who prefer to avoid sales people and advertisements. Dramatization: Public relations have the potential for dramatizing a company or a product. 5. DIRECT MARKETING – Use of mail, telephone, fax, e – mail, or internet to communicate directly with or solicit response or dialogue from specific customers and prospects. The advantages of direct marketing are as follows: Selective audience: There is no spill – over effect or duplication of media exposure. The marketer can use specific targeting strategies. Measuring results: This is the biggest advantage it has over massShow MoreRelatedMarketing Communications: Ability to Change Awareness, Opinions and Attitudes1492 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Communications, such as advertising, can inform, persuade, remind, reassure and ultimately differentiate one product from the next. Marketing Communications, or MarComs, can change levels of awareness, opinions and attitudes. MarComs can even change behaviour such as buying behaviour whether trial purchases, full purchases or repurchases culminating in brand loyalty. Sometimes, the MarComs becomes the key competitive element – the brand itself – building conscious and unconscious relationshipsRead MoreTaking a Look at Marketing Strategies1005 Words   |  4 Pages It is defined as paid form of non personal communication about an organisation, service, product, or idea by an identified sponsor. Public service announcement, which has an sporadic exception whose advertising space or time is provided by media. Advertisement involves with mass media is referred as no personal component which transport a massage to large group of peoples, often at the same time, for instance TV, radio, magazines, newspapers. Non personal component means there will be no opportunityRead MoreHow Advertising Is An Integral Part Of Marketing1302 Words   |  6 PagesQ 2.1 SLAID 1 Advertising is an integral part of marketing and one of the key elements for the impact on the market. Advertising is any paid form for controllable impact, carried through mass media in the presentation and the imposition of the goods or services in the interest of the obvious source. In conditions of fierce competition, the work of advertising is to create a demand for certain goods, and buyers to gravitate to the point of sale. Advertising is a tool for the realization of more andRead MoreMarketing Communications Plan For Burberry1712 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing Communications Plan Introduction Companies can only make revenues when customers purchase their products or services. To increase sales, it is pivotal for the companies to develop an effective and clear Marketing plan. In this context, each year the company’s sales and profits are increased due to its strengths such as high quality luxurious products, massive growth of outlets stores across UK and effective marketing campaigns. This paper will present a clear marketing plan for BurberryRead MoreIntegrated Marketing Communications (IMC) in the UK1742 Words   |  7 Pagesthe last decade, product marketing and ways through which communication takes place between manufacturers and consumers has changed tremendously (Belch Belch 2004). Due to the technological revolutions and the rise of innovations such as the mobile phones and the internet, control over information has shifted apparently from the manufacturers hands to the hands of consumers (Belch Belch 2004). The market environment has also changed due to globalization of marketing strategies, loss of confidenceRead MoreThe Integrated Marketing Communications Process1125 Words   |  5 Pages3. Who are the various participants in the integrated marketing communications process? Briefly discuss the roles and responsibilities of each? (LO1) The participants in the integrated marketing communication process are advertisers, or clients, advertising agencies, media organizations, specialized communication services, and collateral services. Advertisers are possibly the most important participant in the IMC process. They are the ones who have the product or services to be marketed and theRead MoreNike Inc. : The World s Leading Athletic Footwear, Apparel And Equipment Company894 Words   |  4 Pagesathlete and to reach a large audience (Nike CR Report, 2014). Nike has done an incredible job meeting these two goals because it’s marketing communication reaches new customers and maintain existing customers, which meets the goals of inspiring new customers and serving existing ones as well as targets everyone, not excluded to athletes (Gregory, 2015). One advertising method Nike uses is the usage of modern day women such as in Nike’s largest woman’s campaign, â€Å"Better for It.† The purpose of thisRead MoreHow Do Trend in the Marketing Industry, Such as Integrated Marketing, Affect Advertising?1037 Words   |  5 Pages1. How do trend in the marketing industry, such as integrated marketing, affect advertising? Nowadays, there are too many trends in the marketing industry which we can see all over the places. These trends do not only give implication to the industry itself, it also affects the advertising field as well. Internet Marketing  is an all-inclusive term for marketing products and/or services online – and like many all-inclusive terms, Internet marketing means different things to differentRead MoreMarketing Communication : The Chocolate Company, M M s974 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing communication is very important for marketers and IMC has been widely used by marketers in terms of communicating with customers. Different communication tool has diverse function and they are applied in the specific situations based on their pros and cons. In the chocolate industry, because chocolate is low-involved product, marketing communication is especially important for the chocolate companies. The famous chocolate company, MM’s, which is owned by Mars, doesn t perform well inRead MoreNike and the Concept of Integrated Marketing Communications894 Words   |  4 PagesNike and the Concept of IMC: The concept of Integrated Marketing Communications is an important factor whose essence is achievement of the need for a holistic approach in the implementation of the tools of marketing communication. The concept can be described as the coordination and integration of every marketing communication tool, source, function, and avenue within an organization into a flawless program that capitalizes the effect of customers and other users at minimal costs. The significance

Animal Farm-WWII Propaganda How Did It Work - 592 Words

Freedom is a very valuable thing, sometimes taken for granted. Some people desire freedom for the right reasons, and some people desire it for their own self-seeking reasons. Every country has their own rules, government, and leaders. Of course, the leadership in Russia during WWII was very harsh and malevolent compared to our government now. George Orwell used symbolism in his American classic Animal Farm to demonstrate how communism affected people, more specifically during WWII. There are a plethora of similar things between the leader in Animal Farm, Squealer, and the second in command Nazi leader, Joseph Goebbell. Squealer and Goebbell’s following of people was so strong in numbers because of the manipulation and exaggeration used to keep the citizens enthralled, which led to a catastrophic downfall. Manipulation played a significant role in both Animal Farm and WWII. Squealer and Goebbell used this tactic to take control of every one. Both leaders promised prosperity an d good fortune. That’s what the citizens and animals in the war and on the farm believed and wanted. They felt so mistreated before, that when someone came along like Squealer and Goebbell, they believed every word from their mouths. The leaders manipulated their citizens because they knew they were weak. The citizens were promised so much freedom, that it changed their mindset, not realizing what it would take to get to that freedom. The false promises and disappointment caused many peopleShow MoreRelatedGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1899 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1943, Eric Blair, under the pen name of George Orwell, began writing Animal Farm. Although born in Bengal, he eventually moved to Eton for schooling. After completing his schooling, Orwell served for the loyalist forces in the Spanish Civil War. At the end of the war, Orwell moved to England. It was in England where he decided to devote himself to British Socialism and writing. The masterpiece, Animal Farm, was created out of Orwell’s love of Socialism and his passion for writing. Although heRead MoreAnimal Farm And 1984, By George Orwell1936 Words   |  8 Pagesoppressive powers, such novels include Animal Farm and 1984. He wrote Animal Farm in 1944-1945 at the tail end of the WWII, his inspiration came from the revolutions in Russia, the result of that was the USSR, which divulged the country into a totalitarian regime. This was accomplished by manipulating socialist ideas of equality among the working class to oppress its people and maintain power. This created the basis for Animal Farm where many of the animal characters have direct correlations to peopleRead MoreReid : Animal Farm Communism By Me, Carson Kiefer, Grant Mcnatt, Mason Friant, And Jourdin1298 Words   |  6 PagesReid: Animal Farm Communism by me,Carson Kiefer, Grant Mcnatt,Mason Friant and Jourdin Edwards Jourdin: Our main questions and topics of this presentation were how communism is supposed to work? How did it actually play out when the Soviet Union adopted it? Did any other countries adopt communism? How has it worked for them? But, before we can get into all the deep questions,controversies and bias we first have to know some background information on communism, how it was formed and just some importantRead More Theme of Power Corruption in Animal Farm, by George Orwell Essay1787 Words   |  8 Pageshistory, such as World War II and proven by the actions of Napoleon in the allegory, Animal Farm, by George Orwell. As Lord Acton said â€Å"Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† In history what was viewed as a villain or wrong doer is never the same as the perception. A leader does not begin wanting to do wrong, they start with the best intentions, but power is a tricky thing, showcased in Animal Farm as Utopian ideals but with failed practices. Most new societies that have a UtopianRead MoreHistorical context of 1984-george orwell2250 Words   |  9 Pagesgoing, where the truth is shunted and lies are promoted by all mainstream media. Perhaps one of the most powerful science fiction novels of the twentieth century, this apocalyptic satire shows with grim conviction how the protagonist Winston Smiths individual personality is wiped and how he is recreated in the Partys image until he does not just obey but loves Big Brother. Some critics have related Winston Smiths suffering to those Orwell underwent before the writing of 1984. 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Utilitarianism and Abortion Essay Example For Students

Utilitarianism and Abortion Essay View on abortion through utilitarian theory The problem of abortion is very common nowadays, although if dig deeper, the acuteness in discussing abortion problems persists for many centuries. The problem of abortion is very multifaceted. It covers many aspects of our life, including a very important ethical aspect. According to the World Health Organization, abortion is a serious medical problem affecting not only the individual, but also the family interests of women, and also affects the demographic processes and their relationship with other social and medical factors. But an understanding of the problem of abortion is also very different. For some, abortion is an individual, an intimate situation that touches just woman herself and her doctor. If in short express this point of view, it comes down to that fact, that abortion is just an operation†. The next position suggests that abortion is a big moral, ethical problem. Because the woman needs to solve difficult moral problem of life and death. But also in this problem involved a doctor who becomes an accomplice, in the opinion of this group, of a crime, which further complicates the problem. The issue of abortion is so deeply rooted in history that the most ancient philosopher Aristotle and Hippocrates expressed themselves on this topic. Aristotle believed that if children are born in marriage, contrary to expectation, the fetus can be driven out before it begins to feel and live. And another ancient philosopher Hippocrates had a different opinion and was negative about abortions and considered fruitfulness an immoral act. But where is the truth? We want to find the answer on the question of the issue of abortion through the prism of the utilitarian theory and through the utilitarian principle of greatest happiness. Classic utilitarian theory is traditionally understood as an ethical doctrine, which considers the greatest happiness as its main value, and the achievement of â€Å"the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people† as the main goal of the action. According to representatives of classical utilitarian theory, such as John Stuart Mill peoples desire for the greatest happiness lies at the heart of all human actions. † In his work, John Stuart Mill writes that within the limits of rationality, a person must always act in such a way as to bring as much greatest happiness as possible to as many people as possible. The utilitarians suggest you consider the word happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain; under the word, pain utilitarians suggests to understand suffering and deprivation of pleasure. Utilitarians argued that intellectual and moral pleasures are above physical forms of joy. According to John Stuart Mill, the principle of happiness is more valuable than satisfaction. Confirming the difference between greatest happiness and lowest, he calls the fact that people who have experienced both of these forms tend to prefer one form to another. Applying utilitarian theory, we will try to analyze the problem of abortion in accordance with different points of view regarding abortion. There is a large percentage of people who oppose abortion in any case. Their main argument is that the fetus is a human being. And since the rights to life are the inalienable rights of every human being, the fetus also has those rights. According to scientists, human embryo already at nine weeks old has a face, fingers, heart and other organs. According to the utilitarian theory and the principle of the greatest happiness, the issue of abortion can bring different feelings, but the mother’s opinion and pleasure are the most important and significant. Therefore, utilitarians suggest taking into account only depending on what the woman will experience, can we say whether the decision is correct or not. .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .postImageUrl , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:hover , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:visited , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:active { border:0!important; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:active , .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua526fa481486acb2807b222607a9d83c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Letter From a Birmingham Jail EssayAccording to another theory, abortion is such thing that cannot be morally justified, except for the situation when a woman is diagnosed with a disease incompatible with life. Utilitarian has a different position. Utilitarian consider such a point of view morally unacceptable because the principle of greatest happiness suggests that in most of these cases, abortion creates pain and makes people unhappy. The third theory also speaks out against abortion, except in situations where it comes to conceiving as a result of rape. The issue of abortion in this theory is based on the fact that for practical reasons pregnancy can be avoided as a result of only rape. The utilitarians take a similar position and consider it as possible since initially the mother’s body was invaded without her consent and without her desire, which a priori cannot bring the greatest happiness and avoid pain. As a rule, supporters of the prohibition of abortion against supporters of their permission, prohibit the initiative, they prohibit them from disposing of their body and their health and for some reason forget that everyone has the rights to do so. And the opposite position of abortion is that â€Å"if you don’t want to do it, don’t do it,† because this question is very personal and priority should be given to the individual choice of the woman. If we inflate this theory through the prism of the principle of the greatest happiness, then the followers of the utilitarian theory would agree with the adherents of permissive theory. Utilitarians believe that since each person has the right to receive pleasure, greatest happiness, and in general, dispose of his or her body as he or she wants. A person must solve the problem of abortion or any other difficult life situation problem only on the basis of their own interests and views on life. John Stuart Mill spoke out against various self-restraints, against restrictions on human freedom on the part of society, and against restrictions on the freedom of people and society on the part of the state. The utilitarian theory of the great philosopher of the XIX century is very popular today, because it defends individual rights, protects it from unnecessary pain and leads to such a necessary principle of greatest happiness.

Mr Essays (1595 words) - Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases

Global Warming A: What is causing Global Warming and what can we do about it? The basic scientific belief for Global Warming is the increased amount of fossil fuels being burned resulting in an increase of greenhouse gases into the earth?s atmosphere. We can do a lot of things to help decrease the effect of global warming. One easy and simple way is to reduce drafts in your home. Make sure all your windows and doors in your house are free from drafts. This will mean all the overused energy that is used to heat and cool the home will be balanced out. Another thing we can do is decrease the amount of electricity we use. Some electrical appliances use electricity after they are done being used, and this is due to a phantom load. To eliminate phantom loads plug all your electrical stuff into a multi plug surge to guarantee that no extra electricity is being wasted. An additional way to reduce global warming is to use a more efficient light bulb. If every American household replaced a glowing light bulb with a compact florescent, then just about ninety billon pounds of CO2 won?t enter the atmosphere. B: What is Global Warming/ How Does the Green House Effect Work? Global Warming is an increase in the Earth?s average surface temperature. The green house effect is the natural process of the earth trapping some of the suns energy in the atmosphere to keep the planet warm enough to uphold life. Most typical scientists believe that the increase of greenhouse gases emitted by human is only increasing the effect unnaturally. The process gets its name from the greenhouses that are made to trap heat and grow plants in. Most everyone has experienced the greenhouse effect, like when you park your car in the sun and you come back and the inside is much hotter than outside. The suns energy shines through the car windows and some is absorbed by the interior. The heat the interior lets out does not all escape the car, so gradually the car is heated up. When the suns rays hit earth 70 percent is absorbed by plants, oceans and other things. The other 30 percent is reflected back into space. If there was no greenhouse effect on earth, it would probably be a lot like mars. The greenhouse effect is actually a good thing, but it has fallen out of steadiness since humans are creating so many greenhouse gases. Now we are trapping to much heat in the atmosphere. C: What are the Proposed Causes of Global Warming Human activities are considered one of the main causes of Global Warming, and a number of activities release certain greenhouse gases into the earth?s atmosphere. When humans burn fossil fuels like coal, oil, wood, and solid waste they discharge carbon dioxide in the air. The percentage of carbon dioxide emitted has increased 31% since 1750, and about ? of the increase is cause from the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Deforestation is also another cause of Global Warming. Forests are filled with trees and trees are the largest method for removing carbon dioxide from the air. The more deforestation that occurs the less carbon dioxide is able to be removed from the air. Deforestation is just creating more heat in the atmosphere. About 33 percent of carbon dioxide in the US is from the burning of gasoline in cars. The UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that the 3.5 percent of carbon dioxide is from aviation, and that number could rise to 15 percent by 2050. Methane is another important greenhouse gas, and is 20 times more effective than CO2 at trapping heat in the atmosphere. The atmosphere level of Methane increased 145 percent in the last 100 years. Deforestation is the second main cause of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Deforestation is responsible for 20 to 25 percent of CO2 in the atmosphere, by burning and cutting down 34 million acres of trees each year. The destroying of these forests is releasing hundreds of millions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere each year. Also building structures with machinery is responsible for 12 percent of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. D:

Sonoma State University Admissions Information

Sonoma State University Admissions Information Accepted students at Sonoma State University generally have C averages or better in their high school coursework. Applicants will need to submit, along with high school transcripts, scores from the SAT or ACT. With an acceptance rate of 76  percent, the school is largely accessible, and applicants with solid grades and test scores within or above the ranges posted below have a good chance of being accepted. Be sure to visit Sonoma States website for more information, and to start an application. Calculate your chances of getting in  with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Sonoma State University Acceptance Rate: 76  percentSonoma State GPA, SAT and ACT Score GraphTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 440 / 540SAT Math: 440 / 540​What these SAT numbers meanCompare Cal State SAT ScoresACT Composite: 19  / 24ACT English: 18 / 24ACT Math: 18  / 24What these ACT numbers meanCompare Cal State ACT Scores Sonoma State Description Sonoma State Universitys 269-acre campus is located 50 miles north of San Francisco in some of Californias best wine country. The school owns two nature preserves that provide research opportunities for students in the natural sciences. Sonoma States schools of Arts and Humanities, Business and Economics, and Social Sciences are all extremely popular among undergraduates. The university offers 45 bachelors degree programs and 16 masters programs. In athletics, the Sonoma State Seawolves compete in the NCAA Division II  California Collegiate Athletic Association. Sonoma State is one of the  23 Cal State schools. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 9,323  (8,631 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 37  percent male / 63 percent female90 percent full-time Costs (2016 -17) Tuition and Fees: $7,388 (in-state); $18,548 (out-of-state)Books: $1,790 (why so much?)Room and Board: $13,146Other Expenses: $2,854Total Cost: $25,178 (in-state); $36,338 (out-of-state) Sonoma State Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 72  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 62 percentLoans: 46  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $7,430Loans: $5,717 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Business Administration, Communication Studies, Criminal Justice Studies, English, Environmental Studies, Health and Physical Education, History, Liberal Arts and Sciences, Psychology, Sociology What major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 80  percentTransfer Out Rate: 6 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 28 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 61  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Basketball, Golf, Baseball, Tennis, SoccerWomens Sports:  Basketball, Softball, Soccer, Golf, Volleyball, Water Polo, Track and Field Admissions Profiles for Other Cal State Campuses Bakersfield  | Channel Islands  | Chico  | Dominquez Hills  | East Bay  | Fresno State  | Fullerton  | Humboldt  | Long Beach  | Los Angeles  | Maritime  | Monterey Bay  | Northridge  | Pomona (Cal Poly)  | Sacramento  | San Bernardino  | San Diego  | San Francisco  | San Jose State  | San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly)  | San Marcos  | Sonoma State  | Stanislaus More California Public University Information SAT Score Comparison for Cal State SchoolsACT Score Comparison for Cal State SchoolsThe University of California SystemSAT Score Comparison for the UC SystemACT Score Comparison for the UC System Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Top 4 CHALLENGES for Executives and Assistants

Top 4 CHALLENGES for Executives and Assistants According to founder and CEO of Office Dynamics International, Joan Burge, There is no greater relationship in the workplace than that of an executive and an assistant. This may seem like hyperbole if you havent had a really terrific working relationship with an executive or an assistant who gets it. If youre at the top of the food chain, try to see your assistant as a strategic partner; if youre in a support role, take advantage of these tips to improve your standing and the dynamics at work!1. BandwidthNobody has enough time in the day. Executives may have more than one assistant, or assistants may be supporting more than one executive (every one of which wants to feel like your Top Priority). Between the two of you, you may be fielding as many as 400 emails a day- have systems in place and revise them as necessary!  Be aware of the speed and intensity of the information flowing across your executives desk, and let that inform the pace of your interruptions, meetings, and indepen dent work.2. Digital DependencyTheyre working from multiple devices and may ask you do to the same. While that may make them feel independent and tech savvy, its important (for them and for you!) to realize that an empowered executive assistant is as valuable as the Cloud in terms of coordinating information and monitoring plans.3. DelegatingWith all the self sufficiency of scheduling software and remote access, its easy for executives to forget how to use their assistants most effectively. Companies lose time and money when execs underutilize support staff. Know your role, advocate for appropriate ways to expand it, and always be a reliable asset.4. Frustration in CommunicationWith complaints ranging from I dont have time to teach my assistant to do this job to I have no idea what this executive wants from me, some of the hardest aspects of the relationship to master are the simplest- how you perceive one another and what you expect from one another. Be verbal, follow-up, and be wi lling to disagree and resolve it! Dont be so wrapped up in status you forget to think like a team.Tips  for AssistantsInitiate ConversationTalk about your relationship as a teamGet clarification on likes and dislikesPut yourself on the execs calendar and leave it, unless theres an emergencyThink like an executive- anticipate needs and prioritize accordinglyGo the extra mileAttend meetingsRead everythingUnderstand the scope of their wordTips  for ExecutivesHave clear assignments and deliverablesDemonstrate the qualities you want to seeBe comfortable with disagreementRely on your assistant; dont micromanageBe appreciative- post-mistake shouldnt be the only time you give feedbackRecognize that your assistants job requires skillExecutives and Assistants are Struggling TodayRead More at officedynamics.com

Lau v. Nichols Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lau v. Nichols - Essay Example The situation was then addressed in Lau v. Nichols, which was instituted in 1974 as a remedy, but the decision did not specify a teaching method, and the approach could be "bilingual instruction, English as a second language (ESL) classes or some other approach" (Crawford, para. 1). This broad interpretation has caused a great deal of controversy over the years. Lau was intended to give limited-English-proficient students (LEP) the opportunity to gain the proficiency they needed, but, unfortunately, according to Crawford, a symposium held twenty years after Lau indicates there has been little improvement in the effort to create equity for LEP students. Without one specific method of teaching LEP students, the effort becomes lost, with well-designed programs staffed by qualified teachers available to only a fraction of LEP students. The term "bilingual education" has come to mean a "range of instructional programs for children whose native language is not English," while the best way to accommodate such children has been and continues to be an area of debate. As noted in a research project by the Westchester Institute in New York, the debate centers on the "role of native language in instruction-whether it should be used and for how long" (Westchester, para. 3). Supporters of native language instruction recommend aggressive development of the primary language prior to introduction of English, while proponents of all-English instruction feel that the English curriculum should be introduced at the very beginning of the student's school experience with minimal use of the native language (Westchester). English Immersion in California Public Schools If the use of bilingual education actually meant learning two languages equally well, it might be a feasible program for all students, not just LEP students. Unfortunately, the concept has not been incorporated in public schools, and according to Ron Unz, advocate of English-only instruction, what is called bilingual education actually consists of mostly Spanish language instructions with little English incorporated into teaching. Since over half of America's LED students were born in the United States with most of the remainder coming here at a young age, the argument that older students have a more difficult time learning English covers only a small percentage of LED students (Sailer). Comparing the English immersion program with the bilingual program, English-only instruction would appear to be more successful, not because it is necessarily a better program but because the bilingual method is not being well utilized. Respected author Maxine Hong Kingston was born in California and in her biographical novel Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, she recognizes the language and cultural barriers she faced during her childhood. She attended both public school and Chinese school, and her family mostly consisted of Chinese immigrants, who labeled anyone not Chinese as "ghosts." The idea of a bilingual education at that time did not exist, and Kingston had to learn English in order to communicate with English-speaking students, teachers, and business people. Even so, for her, the cultural barriers were far more difficult to overcome. Propositions 227 and 203 Proposition 227, passed in 1998,

Argument Synthesis agiainst Minimum Wage Research Paper

Argument Synthesis agiainst Minimum Wage - Research Paper Example The needs and wants of the people are critical to account for, with the state and federal governments playing a fundamental role in relation to this pursuit. Specifically, the quality and standard of life of the people is targeted, with the income earned by the employed population being the target variable. Minimum wage is an extensive, diverse and dynamic concept in employment and remuneration arena. Many states and the federal government at large observes set minimum wage rates, which are revised from time to time as deemed necessary (Block, et al. 49). The aim of setting minimum wage rates is to protect workers are prone to exploitation by employees for one reason or another. Workers are primarily exploited due to lack of adequate skills and knowledge, while they still persistently seek employment opportunities. For this reason, governments in collaboration with labor unions engage in the minimum wage setting to protect prone workers. A minimum wage rate outlines the least remuner ation that an employee can receive from potential employers. Payment of wages below the set rate constitutes a criminal act and violation of labor rights. Therefore, employers are expected to comply with minimum wage requirements. On the other hand, minimum wage requirements are set to benefit workers in the economy. ... minimum wage decisions made within an economy are bound to affect that economy positively or negatively, constituting benefits or hardships for the economy. In this regard, minimum wage can be argued for and against, with the factor outperforming the other resting on the economic variables evaluated. Arguments in favor of minimum wage are based on the direct benefits reaped by individual employees and the economy at large. I. Raising the minimum wage hurts low income workers As earlier mentioned, minimum wage can be revised every time it is deemed necessary. This means that the wage can be reduced or increased. The primary reason that leads to the setting of minimum wage is to raise the earning capacity of unskilled or semiskilled workers. This is further linked to improved and better quality of life and subsequent standards of livelihood. Minimum wage pursuits are not only pursued by the government, but also by labor unions within the economy. All the parties involved can push for r eduction or increment of minimum wage, with too low wage jeopardizing the workers’ economic welfare (Weinberger 1). Raising minimum wage is not a strictly positive-oriented activity. Low income workers are more vulnerable to the hurting effect of increased minimum wage. To start with, an increase in the minimum wage means that the demand and supply of labor must be altered. When labor becomes more expensive than it was previously the case, then employers reduce their employment opportunities. This implies that the low income group finds itself in low employment opportunities within the labor market. Economics dictate that changes in prices alter both demand and supply aspects in the economy. In the minimum wage context, an increase in the minimum wage makes low income workers worse off

Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Global Warming Essay In this entire article I will be discussing global warming, especially its effects on glaciers and on environment. Before discussing the effects of global warming it is important to understand what actually global warming is? It is defined as an average increase in earth’s temperature due to which the frequency of disasters like droughts floods and earthquake increases which accounts for the accumulation of green house gases in the atmosphere. There are various reasons for global warming and one of the most alarming causes is green house gases which include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous and water vapor. In recent years the proportion of these gases has increased massively due to industrialization and modernization. Now a question arises that how industrialization led to this massive increase? And the answer is excessive use of road vehicles which emit loads of carbon dioxide besides this we have cut all the plants by roadside which could take in carbon dioxide. Another reason is intense deforestation, which has further increased the ration of carbon dioxide in air. Also burning of fossils for the purpose of generation of electricity is one of its causes. What are Glaciers? Glaciers are formed by snow which overlap over the period of time forming a thick ice mass. These ice masses with the rise in temperature begins to melt and again forms a fresh layer of snow and this how the glacier gets bigger over time. They have been the largest source of fresh water and reservoirs after oceans. Glaciers are there in each continent of the world. Effects of global warming on Glaciers: In recent years the worrying factor is rapid melting of glacier due to increased temperature as compare to snow which replaces it, however if this continues the glacier will vanish soon. This is one of the serious effects of global warming thus resulting in a change in the mountain environment and which in turn is likely to bring about an intense change in the climatic condition of earth which will further bring change in habitats. Melting of glaciers will considerably increase the water level of seas and oceans because of which small countries are expected to sink and the water will overwhelm on the coastal areas. Like glaciers of national parks are shrinking inch by inch, day by day with the passage of time like all other glaciers around the world due to warm temperature. The change are not sever or harmful on day to day basis but will result in huge and devastating disasters over decades. Besides, glaciers add beauty to the environment and warm temperatures are melting these glaciers and eroding the natural beauty. More than half of the well known glaciers of national park have shrunk while many of the small glaciers of park have disappeared. Antarctica has and will suffer a lot from melting glaciers. Increased temperature in Antarctica region have warmed to 4. 5 degrees Fahrenheit in last few years which is considered as the highest and most rapid increase around the world. Another astonishing fact is the collapse of ice- shelves in Antarctica which had been stable for 20,000 years. Melting of glaciers worldwide has become a hot issue these days and its prevention cost is extensively high and is estimated at 3% of world GDP. Another argument by a Chinese glaciologist zhang wenjing is, glaciers are able to absorb heat during the global warming process and can reverse the effects of global warming. He further added that 20 square million kilometers of world’s glaciers and huge oceans will not let this phenomenon to increase rapidly. However another report claims that Himalaya glaciers are retreating by 10 to 15 meters on yearly basis due to rise in temperature and can have adverse effects on the social, economical and ecological system of its inhabitant as they are the main source of water. Effect on Environment: Effect on climate: Scientists believe that by 2050 the temperature of the globe will heat up within 2 to 9 degrees Fahrenheit. Scientists have developed models to forecast the change in temperature simpler models are able to forecast variation within a region whereas typical models are expected to measure changes across hundreds of thousands of square miles and it has predicted that all the European countries are anticipated to follow a similar climatic projection despite of the fact that each country has unique rainfall, seasonal and snowfall patterns. Furthermore the summers in mid-latitude will become drier. These effects may disrupt the civilization and biosphere. As the temperature increases the oceans will evaporate more yielding more clouds and rainfall. According to an author jonathan wiener of â€Å"The Next One Hundred† every year 500,000 of water rise and fall between sky and ocean and it is believed that about 25,000cubic kilometers will increase as a cause of global warming. The excessive amount of rain is expected to fall in areas where it is not required, subtropical areas are probable to experience heavy rainfall and floods whereas temperate zones will face droughts. On contrary for countries like Canada warmer climate indicate extended growing seasons with comparatively more rainfall which will ensure improved crop production in many areas. However in Western Europe and California snow packs are estimated to melt soon bringing in more rainfall and river water especially in spring season leaving behind a drier weather for crops when required essentially. Birds and Animals: Global warming is likely to affect the length of season, winters will become too short. This will imbalance the entire system and will greatly affect bird and animals as in winter birds get hide and definitely it will further disturb their feeding schedule and time particularly in young birds and the accessibility of food for them. Some animals consider climatic changes as a signal for migration or preparing themselves for other season but global warming will give rise to confusion in animals because of this chance of losing their migratory routes increases. Farmers: The farmer plant seeds according to the season and nature of the crop keeping in mind the desired amount of rain necessary for its production as mentioned earlier that global warming enhances the probability of cyclones, droughts, thunderstorm and other natural disasters which heavily affect the yield production. Moreover, by climatic changes the seasons get affected and so the rainfall because of which it is hard to predict the sowing and harvesting timings of the crop. This will lead to the scarcity of food and will have hazardous effects on living lives and will create panic in the society. Species: Due to global warming species are getting extinct like golden toad and harlequin have vanished and there is a great threat to number of other species to disappear as a result of global warming seeing that for many species cold weather is more conducive, hence global warming is creating trouble for their survival. a number of variation has been observed in animals as they respond significantly to warmer climate. Their behavior pattern shows that they have began to shift their population toward north and higher altitudes. A study was conducted in California on small butterfly and approximately 150 areas were catered, study showed that the number of butterfly decreased in southern region as compared to northern regions which proves that butterfly prefer cooler zones. Increase in Diseases: As of global warming numerous diseases have emerged, they are the product of amplified temperature because bacteria can live better in an elevated temperature and also multiplies easily in favorable conditions like mosquito production have increased which in turn add to malaria disease due to this global warming. Now we can well imagine how dangerous this global warming could be? We are gathered around so many diseases which are nothing but simply an effect of global warming and we are unaware of the fact that our live is also endangered. If it continues to happen the life expectancy will decrease and death rate is estimated to double up to 300,000 deaths per year within 25 years particularly in high altitude regions. Effect on Vegetation: Global warming will also affect the availability of vegetation on the earth surface like tundra vegetation is soon expected to alter to temperate, cold and evergreen forest and woody type of forest will increase as a reason of increased precipitation. Hence there will be a drastic change in the variety of vegetation available in an area and this is expected to bring a change in inhabitant of that area. Effect on marine life: Marine life is very much sensitive to the changes, changes in climate; sea level and length of the seasons stamp an adverse affect on these innocent lives. A survey was conducted to check the responsiveness of marine live to the changes in water level and it was found that many of the marine species tend to disappear or die due to increase in water surface, few of the specie for whom warm water is favorable their population can strike gigantic levels. Most threaten changes are predictable to reflect in coral reefs and they are probable to die off. This melting of polar ice will end up harming many animals. Acidified water: Oceans all around the world absorb carbon dioxide produced by all living organism, burning of fossils and through all other human activities that gather on the bed for the formation of limestone or chalk. It is said that oceans have observed 50% of all carbon dioxide evolved from human activities ever since 1800. Carbon dioxide when combined with water forms a weak acid called carbonic acid and green house gases have said to lower the PH ( acidity) of water by 0. 1to8.2 units on a 14 points scale and it is expected to decline further by 0. 5 by 2100. Increased acidification will have an injurious affects on corals and other marine lives especially ones with calcium carbonate shells, and also in the reproduction of fishes and their food planktons. References. Glaciers Melting and Species Extinction. mht Global warming Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. mht http://www. rpi. edu/~ngok/Global%20Warming/effects. html http://www. sierraclub. org/energy/articles/glacier. asp http://www. effectofglobalwarming. com/ http://www. bloggernews. net/1749

Creon’s Perspective in Oedipus Rex and Sophocles Antigone :: Antigone essays

Creon’s Perspective in Oedipus Rex and Antigone   Ã‚   The role of the king in the time of Greek tragedies was simultaneously desired and dreaded because of the king's responsibility to the people and because of the effects of the position on the king's character. Creon reveals such ambivalent thoughts towards the kingship in his speech defending himself from Oedipus's conspiracy accusation in Oedipus the King; these ambivalent thoughts reveal much about the nature of the kingship, especially in conjunction with Creon's later actions in Antigone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In attempting to refute Oedipus's assertion that Creon has taken part in a conspiracy to obtain the kingship, Creon evaluates the nature of the kingship and of his present role. First, he says, "Consider, first, if you think any one/ would choose to rule and fear rather than rule and sleep" (36.584-585). By this, Creon means that the main difference between his position and the king's is that of the accompanying action to ruling. In both positions, one is a ruler who holds great power over the state. However, the king is placed in a greater place of accountability to the people. This accountability is what Creon says inspires "fear" in the king, for if affairs of state or of the people fall into decline, the king is the first person whom the citizenry look to blame. This is analogous to executive leaders throughout history, as one can see in looking at American presidents and the correlation between the present conditions and events of the nation to the public's opinion of the president, regardless of the actual impact that his decisions may have made in these conditions. Creon maintains that he has the same amount of power as the king but without the accountability that inevitably leads a king to distress. Creon's reasoning concerning the equality between his power and Oedipus's leads him to state:    I was not born with such a frantic yearning to be a king- but to do what kings do. And so it is with every one who has learned wisdom and self-control. (36.587-590)    He means that he has never desired the position of king, because he sees no advantage over his present position in the state. Rather, he sees the disadvantage of the fear that accompanies the position of king. Creon has evaluated this situation for his circumstances and then goes further in stating that anyone with wisdom and self-control would come to such a conclusion as well.

Death Is Beautiful Essay

People tend to be afraid of what they can’t control and avoid. In terms of death, it meets those two conditions which make people scared of it. Since no one knows what it feels when one dies, but can only guess what will happen after death, most people might not want to imagine the last moment of their lives. In our society, moreover, death is described as something dark and negative in movies, books and daily life in general. As a result, it becomes difficult and unbearable to face death when it comes. Every minute, somewhere in the world, countless babies are born with great celebration, whereas somewhere in the world, numerous people are dying with grief. Most people can relate to these situation as life stages. One of differences between birth and death is that one can’t be ready to be born itself, but on the other hand, most of people get a chance to prepare the end of life themselves. While people tend to glorify birth and consider death as unlucky, it is not always true. Death can be beautiful perhaps more than the moment of birth, depending on the way of how happily one has lived. What death makes unhappy is within its features, such as uncertainty of when, how and why to die, but above everything else, fear of death. In her article, â€Å"On The Fear of Death† written by Kubler-Ross, she describes fear of death shown among people from the past to today differently. She highlites the fact that people in both the past and present have felt fear of death similarly, but the shape of fear shown today has some different characteristics. Dying today is more lonely, mechanical and dehumanized, the fear of death is represented as these kind of features† Accoring to Kubler, people today are more likely suffering from emotional problems such as loneliness, even living in high technology which seems to fill men’s life with richness. In this article, the author also points out the way of facing death these days. Many people today would experience death in hospital where patiens are treated as products, getting treatment even until the moment when they die. It shows that death today is getting lonely compared to figure of death in the past, which people were watching those who they loved were dying close to that person. It made death more beautiful and natural. As a result of desolate death happened frequently today, people are getting fear of death more than past. Fear of death is natural phenomenon shown in most people. In â€Å"Who Wants to Live Forever? Immortality, Authenticity, and Living Forever in the Present† written by Ted M. Preston and Scott Dixon, they describe death as â€Å"So death, the most frightening of bad things, is nothing to us; since when we exist, death is not yet present, and when death is present, then we do not exist. †(100) In the article, two authors suggest the way of how to overcome fear of death, emphasizing that people don’t have to be afraid of death which we even can’t feel at the end. It shows that being worried about death in advance is how useless. It seems pretty persuasive and inspired for those who are suffering from fear of death. However, having fear of death isn’t always bad in some ways. The horrible feeling which people face when imagining death possibly can fuction in positive way at the same time, by reminding people of the fact that they only have limited time for life, as if a movie asks audience â€Å"If you have only one week to live, what would you do? †. Thus, it will give them a great turning point to change from old view on death, which represents something scary, to something we can even be ready. The fact that we have only limited time in life makes us able to concern about how to live with full of happiness. More than that, fear of death functions as an opportunity to look back one’s life because we are gonna die at the end, we need to define who I am and how we have been living as human being since we were born. Another example of what death makes unhappy is unnatural death which doesn’t seem to be ideal form of death. Unnatural death is antonym of natural death that means death from natural causes such as aging. For example, in unusual forms of death such as suicide or murder, death can’t be beautiful in the way that it is tragic and irrational. Living as human being is bless and a precious chance which God gave us. Thus at least, human being ought to live as long as one’s lifespan permits. Killing oneself or others can’t be justified for any reason. In case of murder, particularly, it is one of miserable death that should never happen because it infringe one’s right to live. On the other hand, more than half of people might experience death as a natural precess of aging including diseases cuased by old age. Dying naturally as we grow older might be ideal death for most people. Even though everyone knows that death can’t be inescapable, it would be still hard to accept death as one of processes in life. Nevertheless, denying death means denying one’s whole life as the law of nature. Since death doesn’t give any information to anyone, interestingly, every single person might have different view on death. That’s why building own belief regarding death during life is important to understand one’s life stages from birth to death clearly. As importantly as making own definition of death, it is also needed to set proper plans in each stage of life because it helps one to understand one’s life systematically. For those who understand that one’s life time is categorized by each different period by age and has different characteristic to consider, one’s life time can be much more valuable rather than living life without strategy for each stage to come. Whenever one realizes this rule, everyday can be the first day to start new stage and it is totally applicable for anyone who wants to design plans for life. If one has managed one’s life satisfactorily, this person are more likely feeling happy when he or she dies. Namely, one’s quality of life and death are related closely. If birth is our beginning of life, the death is the end of one’s life. People tend to concern about how to live during life, not recognizing the meaning of how to die. That is why most people are not fully prepared for death. Not only how happily one has lived is important, but also how happily one dies is meaningful. How many people would feel happy in the end of their life? In Sounth Korea, there is an interesting program which people can experience one’s funeral in advance, by practicing as if it is real funeral of mine. A man who was 50-year old applied this program with his families and close friends. His funeral was held in front of him and he was watching this silently. Some people started to cry as if they already lost this man and his son started to read the last letter sending for father. The man started to cry right after starting his imaginary funeral as well because he realized how he was being loved and how happy person he was. If one’s life has been happy, esteemed and loved, one’s death also should be happy at the end. The fact that no one can live forever makes them to be able to manage time effectively and consider order of priority in one’s life. Those who look at death as positive function of life started to think about how to die as well as how to live. They believe that death can be beautiful as much as the fact of what we are born in the world. The biggest benefits of this view is that people can get a chance to look back one’s life and make clear goals in life in advance. As a result, being awared death helps people to get rid of their pain or fear of death by already being ready to face death. However, there are those who consider death as positive one and these people prepare to be ready for peaceful death by practicing how death can be beautiful. This movement was not appeared just today and it shows that death is not something which people want to avoid unconditionally anymore. There is a strong method which people can lessen their fears of death with. It is the power of religions. Even though every religion has different interpretation of death, most of them describe it as something sacred and they teach believers to follow their doctrine to greet peaceful death or be rescued by God by relying on religion strongly. As people get older, they start to feel that death is coming. For example, an woman who is almost 90 year-old, may be tying to accept the fact which she is going to die soon. She may recall some good memories with her eyes closed and thinking about her family members whom she has loved the most during her life. On the other hand, it will be somehow tragic, if one who faces death feels sorry and regretful about one’s life. When young, it is hard to prepare next stages to come by looking ahead to the future. However, after they get weak both metally and phsically, they might realize that life is not that long. That’s why understanding death excatly and being prepared for beautiful death by managing one’s life meaningfully. When it comes to death, how one has been successful can be a matter. However, more than than how one has been happy is the most important value when leaving this world. To design happy life, if so, unerstanding one’s life stages and even death is regarded importantly because both are closely connected each other. Since one is born in the world, one is heading to death at the same time. The deeper one understands death, the more valuable life time one can manage. For someone, death just can mean the last moment of life. On the othe hand, for someone who believe the world after death, otherwise, death might mean exploring for new world. For someone who reminds oneself of limited time with death, death can be boost for one’s efficient time management for life. People don’t have to be afraid of death because it will be just short mement compared to one’s whole life time. If one’s life has been happy, one’s death also should be happy at the end.

Differential in Views on Movie Rating Classification

Ordinance to classify the public entertainment (i. e. movies, shows) provided the audience with the convenient way to judge the degree of exposure of questionable material, like sexually explicit topics or nudity. The government officials in appropriate departments initiated the type of rating for such entertainment without surveying for general public opinion. Thus, it is a logical deduction that there would be some differential toward the rating classification present between the established norms and the common attitude.This paper will investigate the general public opinion through surveying a large sample with the consecutive data analysis. The data will be collected using the specially designed questionnaire questions in which the content will specifically target the participants’ attitude toward the target. The participants will be divided into four groups: 1) Married adults with children, 2) Single adults without children, 3) Teenagers, 4) Children.The participants will be elected through the randomization methodology to avoid any bias. There will be total of 1200 participants divided equally into four aforementioned groups. Our Null Hypothesis will be as follows: No: There is a differentiation in attitude toward the media rating classification between the established ordinance and the public opinion. Our Alternative Hypothesis will be: H1: The differentiation in attitude is insignificant The variables will be: age, family status, degree of attitude.(Attitude can be measured using one to five scale). To increase validity, we propose the implementation of the questionnaire twice: one in the beginning of one-month interval and another at the end of it. This is an optional feature that would preclude questions about participant moods during the time when they will answer questions and the external factors that might influence their answers. The statistics will be calculated with the computer-based software programs, like SPSS.Also, we will examine da ta against any correlations, like possible high correlation between the adults with children’s attitudes and that of the government officials. Additionally, we must consider necessary project costs, as in follows. Our expenses will be absorbed by photocopying, traveling, and analysis expenses, all totaling to $ 4,800 (four thousand eight hundred USD). The project is deemed to take a bit over six weeks time and will be conducted from June 1 through July 19th.

Free Essays on Chicago By Carl Sandburg

The neighbor I’ve never really known I was born in Chicago Illinois, and I’ve lived within an hours drive for most of my life, but I have never really seen the city as alive and real, it was just someplace that you could go to see the Cubs play, or to see people all crazy with business and money. I identify with the blue collar workers and farmers; business and the Symphony and the Chicago Stock Exchange are foreign to me, and somehow not as alive and real. DeKalb Illinois is real. My great great grandfather moved here from Whales and was a gentleman farmer, and my grand mother was a teacher, and my friends’ parents were factory workers. I never realized that my grandfathers’ crops were sent to Chicago to be distributed through out the country, and that Chicago was built on factories and industry, the tall buildings and the Chicago Stock Exchange were built on the backs of those factory workers, and distributors. The poem â€Å"Chicago† by Carl Sandburg introduced me to someone I had known about for years, but had never really known. The poet uses several techniques of figurative speech to bring vibrancy and familiarity to the description of the poems topic Chicago Illinois. Personification, simile and synecdoche are used throughout the poem to bring the description of a city to life. Personification, the representation of an abstract quality or idea as a person, is found throughout the poem. â€Å"Come and show me another city with lifted head singing so proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning†(14,15) and â€Å"†¦here is a tall bold slugger set vivid against the soft little cities†(16,17) are striking examples of well used personification that would be flat lifeless descriptions if stated without use of this figure of speech. ‘Chicago is proud of its blue collar workers’ just doesn’t do the trick, personification and the other figurative speech make it poetry. In the end of the poem Sandbu... Free Essays on Chicago By Carl Sandburg Free Essays on Chicago By Carl Sandburg The neighbor I’ve never really known I was born in Chicago Illinois, and I’ve lived within an hours drive for most of my life, but I have never really seen the city as alive and real, it was just someplace that you could go to see the Cubs play, or to see people all crazy with business and money. I identify with the blue collar workers and farmers; business and the Symphony and the Chicago Stock Exchange are foreign to me, and somehow not as alive and real. DeKalb Illinois is real. My great great grandfather moved here from Whales and was a gentleman farmer, and my grand mother was a teacher, and my friends’ parents were factory workers. I never realized that my grandfathers’ crops were sent to Chicago to be distributed through out the country, and that Chicago was built on factories and industry, the tall buildings and the Chicago Stock Exchange were built on the backs of those factory workers, and distributors. The poem â€Å"Chicago† by Carl Sandburg introduced me to someone I had known about for years, but had never really known. The poet uses several techniques of figurative speech to bring vibrancy and familiarity to the description of the poems topic Chicago Illinois. Personification, simile and synecdoche are used throughout the poem to bring the description of a city to life. Personification, the representation of an abstract quality or idea as a person, is found throughout the poem. â€Å"Come and show me another city with lifted head singing so proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning†(14,15) and â€Å"†¦here is a tall bold slugger set vivid against the soft little cities†(16,17) are striking examples of well used personification that would be flat lifeless descriptions if stated without use of this figure of speech. ‘Chicago is proud of its blue collar workers’ just doesn’t do the trick, personification and the other figurative speech make it poetry. In the end of the poem Sandbu...

The Ultimate Guide To Beating Makeshift Marketing For Good (13 Articles)

The Ultimate Guide To Beating Makeshift Marketing For Good (13 Articles) makeshift marketing |ˈmÄ kËÅ'SHift  Ã‹Ë†mrkÉ™diNG| noun the temporary, sub-optimal solution for getting your marketing mayhem together. It’s a real thing. Click play and see what I meanI cant tell you how many marketers Ive met whose solution for â€Å"keeping their sanity† involves spreadsheets organizing spreadsheets. Who’ve decided endless meetings to â€Å"get on the same page† is par for the course. Who’ve succumbed to â€Å"on the fly† project management because that’s just the nature of the job?! And who’ve settled for a cobbled mess of one-trick tools becausewell†¦? At , this is the enemy were helping marketers across the world defeat! And that  means you! No more #MakeshiftMarketing! You need 📈 A productivity tool designed specifically for marketers 🠐 ¦ With a bird’s eye view 📅 An active, living calendar with color labels, tags, drag drop functionality, timelines, discussion threads, templates, multiple views, and MORE 📠 A place where you can manage, collaborate, AND publish 🠤â€" Where you can templatize your workflows 🛠  Integrate with all your favorite tools 🠧 ¡ 💠° And prove the ROI of your kick a$$ marketing efforts. You need a fix And in this ultimate guide to beating makeshift marketing for good, a fix you will get! Youll find 13 of our very best resources on how to go from zero to a hundred in short order. Heres Something Special (Because We Like You) First, though, we have something special just for you. You can pick a time to schedule a personalized marketing demo of   just for you and  your team. Sure, you can check out all of these amazing resources to lead change, influence others, organize the chaos, and then sustain your awesome results or you can get a short cut in line to success in just 30 minutes with a marketing demo with a expert. Your call. Pick your time now  or read on! Youll find the resources organized in four key categories: Leading change: why and how you can do this! Influencing others: science-informed ways to lead bosses, peers, and your team. Organizing chaos: the incredible power of organization. Sustaining results: how to keep growing once youve hit your stride. Now, lets keep plowing ahead!

Close reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Close reading - Essay Example The imagery of the ocean is perfect for this passage because that is a place of calm and peace, and perhaps Andy is subtly mentioning that her mother was like that for her. Andy never explicitly says that she misses her mother, but they way she describes it makes it like she does truly miss her. The passage above shows how vulnerable Andy is because she is in an environment that is foreign to her and this causes her to struggle over her decision to change her gender. There are many adjectives used in this passage to describe what the experience of the ocean was like for Andy. She was not really witnessing the ocean because it says only that it sounded like the ocean, but she does reminisce about a time when she traveled to the ocean with her family. The fear in Andys description of the sea could be construed as an allusion to her fear of listening to her inner voice and choosing to remain a woman. For her, the ocean is something to be afraid of because she may just enjoy herself even though she is feeling scared. Andys mother even encourages her to go into the water but she is too afraid to do so. Words like musky and rank give a description of what they ocean means to Andy, which is something to dislike. This passage is crucial as part of the story because Andy is going through a time of reflection. The wind was blowing strongly and to Andy "it sounded like the ocean, and once Andy thought she could smell salt air" (343). She did make a decision to become a man, and even change her name, but the experiences that she has gone through are perhaps making her reconsider her decision. Andy reminisces about her past life when she has the following thought: "She and her parents had gone last summer to stay for a week at a motel on the New Jersey shore" (343). For so long Andy has attempted to hide her feminine side, yet she describes her mothers feminine side in much detail when she says "that her mothers swimsuit top had come off, so that her breasts

Lit review Literature Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Lit - Literature review Example eview of literature showed that previous studies have documented the reliability of relying on consumer profiling for marketers, in order to segment products for different customer segments successfully. The study also found that the brand image and the brand personality of a product are among the driving forces behind its demand. It’s a basic human desire to comprehend all about the nature of the self as a person, what one does and what they believe – apart from also enquiring the factors behind visible behaviour. In relation to the preferences of consumers, for some brands and products and not others, it has remained a matter of importance, to explore the self-associations that are made and their relationship to the consumer’s self-concept. For example, for a consumer who is physically fit (one who regards themselves an athlete) it is likely that they will purchase products that enforce their identity as an athlete. In light of the associations explained between self-concept and consumer behaviours, this report aims to establish the relationship between self concept and brand image and attachment, which are the main influencers of consumer purchasing behaviour. Towards delivering on the aim, the report will present a critical literature review with the aim of providing answers to the re search question: what can marketers and producers do to position products successfully among a majority of their target consumers? Through finding answers to the research question, the report is supposed to meet the objectives of exposing the process of developing brand image for products successfully and expose the relationship between brand image and the buying behaviour of consumers. The drive behind consumer behaviour, according to Virani (2013, p. 155), is what triggers a variety of identity-based effects and outcomes, including a heightened attention to identity-related stimulus; the consumer is more likely to recognize and shop for products that are normally

Mini project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mini project - Essay Example This advert has been used to inform the customers that Samsung handsets are available and that have equally better applications and features like any other latest models or even better. The display on the advert shows the Samsung hand set has more superior and modern with appealing look. This type of advertising is employed mainly for introducing a new product or service in the market. It can also be used to boost the popularity of an already existing product in the market. The consumers have to know that a certain product or service exists before they can go for it. This advertising therefore aims at creating a demand for the products and services and by extension sensitizing potential customers (Amaldoss & He, pg. 147). . A well informed customer derives satisfaction and is therefore motivated to buy a product or subscribe to a service the next time. It is through this that loyalty is created and customers are maintained. Considering the benefits of this form of advertising, it should therefore be considered an indispensable method of marketing that any business firm should embrace. Moreover, informative advertising should be made in a simple and comprehensive language that favors most customers if not all. This type of advertising is employed mainly for introducing a new product or service in the market. It can also be used to boost the popularity of an already existing product in the market. The consumers have to know that a certain product or service exists before they can go for it. This advertising therefore aims at creating a demand for the products and services and by extension sensitizing potential customers (Amaldoss & He, pg 147). More often than not customers have certain concerns about products available in the market, this can be in regard to their advantages and demerits as well as how to use these products. Very sensitive elements of a product such as prices, areas of use and why a customer needs to buy that particular product are also

Concept of Natural Legal Personality in English Law

Concept of Natural Legal Personality in English Law Discuss the   drawing examples from your studies, bibliography. Natural law is the law that exists independently of the positive law of a given political order, society or nation state. As a genre, natural law is the law of nature that is the theory that some things are as they are because they are. The central theme of the theory us that there are natural rights that are given to every human being by God.[1] Legal personality has been defined to express the ability of self to remove himself from all particularities such as family, personal history, social and cultural background and to become abstract and indeterminate. Legal recognition is a type of recognition based on the minimum commonality of people and not on the differences and individual characteristics which make them unique individuals.[2] A legal person is a bearer of subjective right.[3] Legal personality can either be natural or juristic. Natural legal personality is therefore the legal status allocated to every human being by the mere fact of their existence by God. So, every body has Natural Legal Personality regardless of where they are from and under what political regime they live. Having said that, It is doubtful that this is highly relevant in England today. This essay focuses on the concept and illustrations of its applicability and limitations. The concept of natural legal personality is hardly ever mentioned these days. This is possibly because there are not many rights that are attributable to natural legal persons. Even in the realm of Public International Law where there are laws that are attributable to persons by the mere fact that they are human by way of human right provisions, enforceability for instance, is almost impossible in the absence of the state. In the realm of private law, where legal personality becomes more relevant, an individual’s autonomy exists only in a very restricted and figurative sense. A person cannot grant rights to himself because rights of one person necessary presupposes obligations on another and such a legal connection can only be made in conformity with an objective legal system by way of a consonant expression of will by the two parties. Even this legal connection only exists in so far as the contract is established by the objective law as a law-creating material fact. So, in private law, there is no complete autonomy.[4] The mere use of the word ‘legal’ seems to suggest the lack of such autonomy. Practical applications of the concept of Legal Personality exist. Sometimes, so-called natural ‘legal’ are restricted in their exercise of rights that have been attributed to others. In the realm of contract, the general rule in English Law is that anyone may enter into legally binding contracts if they want to. However, a restriction exists to the effect that minors as defined under the Family Law Reform Act 1969 and people that are mentally incompetent are incapable of entering into binding contracts except for the supply of necessaries.[5] In the case of Moulton v. Camroux[6], It was held that unsoundness of mind constituted an adequate defence in a case for the enforcement of a contract. Also under the realm of Contract Law, non natural persons are attributed rights that would normally only be attributed to natural persons. In the realm of criminal law, some categories of people may have their culpability reduced by virtue of their age or soundness of mind. A proved plea of insanity would mean that someone that has committed a crime is not punished in the same way other legal persons.[7] In the case of R v Sullivan[8], on a charge for causing grievous bodily harm, on appeal to the House of Lords, It was held that the trial court’s ruling of ‘not guilty by reason of insanity’ was appropriate. The same applies if the person is underage. He or she is not punished the same way a fully grown adult would be. In the realm of company law, legal personality has been attributed to non natural persons. They are attributed with corporate personality. Such persons are known as juristic or artificial persons as opposed to natural persons. For legal purposes, they have the same rights and obligations as natural persons. They are capable of suing and being sued as an entity quite apart from the members. The implications of this personality were fully determined in the case of Salomon v Salomon[9]. In that case, It was held inter alia that at law, a company is a different entity from the subscribers to its memorandum of association. The members of a company are therefore not personally liable for its debts s that unless there are contrary provisions, the members are completely free form liability.[10] The above discussion seems to suggest that the concept of natural legal personality, if it actually exists, is not really relevant in English Law. The mere use of the word ‘legal’ would suggest the existence of a state or other body. There is also the problem of how the natural rights are determined since a right for one person necessary constitutes an obligation for another. This suggests the necessary existence of some sort of agreement by the two parties which in turn, needs to be governed by certain rules. In terms of practical application, most laws prescribe their own definitions of ‘legal persons’ and the limitations to this personality. The concept of natural legal personality does not exist in English Law and even if it did, It would merely be normative in nature and effect. Bibliography Davies, P. â€Å"Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law† (1998) London: Sweet and Mawell. Douzinas, C. and Gearey, A. â€Å"Critical Juriisprudence: The Political Philosophy of Justice† (2005) Oxford: Hart Publishing. Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Neuhouser, F. (Eds) â€Å"Foundations of Natural Right† (2000) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Statute Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964 Sale of Goods Act 1979 Cases Moulton v. Camroux 2 Ex 487 R v Sullivan [1983] 2 All ER 673 Salomon v Salomon [1897] A.C. 22 H.L. Web Resources The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/p/Natural+law> [1] The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/p/Natural+law> [2] Douzinas, C. and Gearey, A. â€Å"Critical Juriisprudence: The Political Philosophy of Justice† (2005) Oxford: Hart Publishing. Page 182 [3] Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Page 39 [4] Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Page 40. [5] Section 3 Sale of Goods Act 1979 [6] 2 Ex 487 [7] Under Sections 2(1) and 5 (1) of the Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964 [8] [1983] 2 All ER 673 [9] [1897] A.C. 22 H.L. [10] Davies, P. â€Å"Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law† (1998) London: Sweet and Mawell. Pages 77-78 and 80.

Animal Farm Compared To The Russian Revolution :: compare contrast

Education is not as prominent in the book as during the Russian Revolution. In the book, education is mentioned when Snowball finds old spelling books, once belonging to Mr. Jones. He begins to teach himself, followed by the other pigs, and finally he helps the other animals to read and write. Some of the not so intelligent animals find this quite taxing, whereas the pigs– being the most intelligent, learn the fastest. Snowball is the most interested in educating the animals, and the well being of the other animals on the farm. Just as Trotsky was intent in educating the Russian people, and their well being during the Revolution. â€Å"Napoleon took no interest in Snowball’s committees. He said that education of the young was more important than anything that could be done for those who were already grown up.† This shows Snowball’s commitment to the animals compared to the uninterested Napoleon. In the book Napoleon began his leadership role quite well, with his ideas being fair and with a positive meaning. As the story continues he becomes more corrupt, and his ideas turn into a dictatorship. â€Å"Napoleon lead the animals back to the store-shed and served out a double portion of corn to everyone, with two biscuits for each dog.† As time went on his true nature, of a power crazy character begins to surface, he becomes more selfish and the principle idea of equality no longer exists. The farm is run on terror, and no animal dare speak out against him, for fear of death. â€Å"The news leaked out that every pig was receiving a ration of a pint of bear daily, with half a gallon for Napoleon.† Just as during the revolution, when at first Stalin was fair and just but as he was given power he turns into a corrupt man with dictatorship qualities. He became more selfish and sinister. When securing his power base he engineered the permanent exile of Trotsky. This compares to the book, when Napoleon and his ‘nine sturdy puppies’ chased Snowball out of the farm. Napoleon then proceeds to portray his true nature of an assassin. Snowball is the other main leader in animalism, along side Napoleon. He was the one who was most interested in the well being of the animals and their education. The complete opposite of Napoleon. I fell if he had not been chased away (assassinated) then the idea of communism may have succeeded.

Theories of Foreign Direct Investment

Theories of Foreign Direct Investment Foreign Direct Investment, or FDI, is a type of investment that involves the injection of foreign funds into an enterprise that operates in a different country of origin from the investor. Foreign direct investment has many forms. Broadly, foreign direct investment includes â€Å"mergers and acquisitions, building new facilities, reinvesting profits earned from overseas operations and intracompany loans†. Foreign direct investment incentives may take the following forms: †¢ low  corporate tax  and individual  income tax  rates †¢ tax holidays †¢ other types of tax concessions preferential  tariffs †¢ special economic zones †¢ EPZ  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Export Processing Zones †¢ Bonded Warehouses †¢ Maquiladoras †¢ investment financial subsidies †¢ soft loan  or loan guarantees †¢ free land or land subsidies †¢ relocation & expatriation †¢ infrastructure subsidies †¢ R&D sup port †¢ derogation from regulations Once firms have decided to enter a foreign market, they have to choose the best mode of entry. Firms can use six different modes to enter foreign markets: 1. Exporting, being a temporary strategy is like a stepping stone in the international expansion process for most firms.In the past, Seagate was a well know example which concentrated its manufacturing operations in one location enables it to move down the experience curve and achieve location economies. 2. Turnkey projects, are popular because firms can continue with normal business operations while the contractor handle the time consuming and resource intensive projects for a foreign client. Singapore shipyard is reputable for handling sophisticated turnkey projects regardless of is complex requirements and other considerations.This industry is well known in the economic development for the last 40 years and will continue to play the critical role in our economy in order to achieve the go al for Singapore to become a leading international maritime link. Another example would be Sitra Holdings (International) Limited, the international producer of integrated wood based products and turnkey services, secured several turnkey design and build contracts in November 2009. Amongst these contracts, the single largest contract is worth S$3. 24 million at the Marina Bay precinct. 3.Licensing, enables a firm to gain access into new markets otherwise inaccessible, hence to facilitate the growth of licensing activities in Singapore with additional focus on brand licensing, character licensing and know-how licensing, the Franchising and Licensing Association (FLA) aims to encourage the adoption of licensing as a growth strategy by producing a report to raise the awareness of how licensing can translate to income stream for companies. 4. Franchising, in Singapore has grown tremendously and is a preferred strategy for SMEs, as it involves minimal investment and staff, thus reducing costs.Local entrepreneurs have successfully made their mark internationally through franchising like BreadTalk, Charles & Keith, and OSIM. Larger companies can also make use of the networks of their established franchise partners to grow globally. 5. Joint ventures enable firms to share the benefit of the work process from a local subsidiary's knowledge of the host country such as the competitors, culture, political and business systems and access to greater resources including staff specialized in technology, finance, and so on.In November 2009, QATARQatar Petroleum International (QPI) and Shell Eastern Petroleum Pte Ltd have sealed agreements in which QPI takes stakes in two Shell Chemicals joint ventures in Singapore. The deal, to be completed in December, Shell will sell its existing shareholdings in two companies to a new joint venture called QPI and Shell Petrochemicals (Singapore) Pte Ltd. 6.Establishing new wholly owned subsidiaries would be best adopted by firms pursuing th e global and transnational strategies, for instance, Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited invested approximately S$900 million in Fraser & Neave Limited (â€Å"F&N†) through its wholly-owned subsidiary Seletar Investments Pte Ltd1 in December 2006. The investment would represent approximately 15 % of the total shares outstanding of F on a fully-diluted basis. This investment marks Temasek's most substantial investment in the food and beverage space in recent years.Temasek Holdings Limited (2006)   Country Focus – political economy and cultural factors of Singapore Political and economic systems of Singapore The Government of Singapore (GOS) is substantially consigned to maintaining an open economy and taking a leadership role strategize Singapore's future economic development. The government does that by adopting a free enterprise, open door policy to attract foreign investors from all types of services sector involving finance, business, tourism, telecommunication and consultancy services.As such, Singapore has exports hitting 186% of 2008 GDP. While Singapore's stock of foreign direct investment (FDI) increased by 23. 4% from $370. 5 billion in 2006 to $457. 0 billion in 2007. United States, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Japan were the top sources of FDI in Singapore. Evidently, the high FDI index reflects Singapore's role as a manufacturing base for foreign multinationals (MNCs) and as a financial, transportation, logistics, and trading hub. Also, with high real growth rate and low inflation played a great role in shaping the Singapore economy.Singapore is one of the most enterprising and dynamic economies in the world. In this section, we compare Singapore's recent trade performance with its performance in past crises, namely the 1997-1998 Asian Financial Crisis where many countries and industries were affected by the deep fall of exports during the recession and the 2001-2002 Dot-Com Bust where IT industries around the world were affected by the large scale cancellation of electronic orders due to the over-investments by IT firms. In 2008 till present, Singapore is experiencing a slow down in the economy due to the US subprime crisis.The main issue is that the US Subprime Market is generating an extension of recessions in some economies and accelerating global recession in a way. Thus, Singapore's total output of the country has decreased and the export of electronics goods has reduced significantly. Background to Singapore's FDI strategy Singapore's assertive efforts to attain FDI for more support of its economic strategy have enabled the country to develop into a basis for multinational corporations (MNCs). Singapore's investment promotion agency, the EconomicDevelopment Board (EDB), focuses on obtaining major investments in highly valued services and/or manufacturing activities, deepening its industrial and export structure, using selective interventions to capture cross-industry externalities and move away from labour intensive to capital-skill and technology-intensive activities, by acquiring and upgrading the modern technologies in highly internalized forms. From Ijaz Nabi and Manjula Luthria. (2002). This strategy allowed the country to concentrate in specific phases in the production process, depriving from the flow of innovation and investing lesser in its own innovative effort.Singapore's FDI policies were based on liberal entry and ownership conditions, easy access to expatriate skills and generous incentives for the activities that it was seeking to promote. The EDB was mainly set up to synchronize policy, offer incentives to lead foreign investors into targeted activities, acquire and construct industrial estates to attract MNCs. The public sector played an important role in launching and promoting activities selected by the government, acting as a catalyst to private investment or entering areas.Often it was the efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility of government response tha t gave Singapore the edge over competing host countries. The importance of inward FDI to Singapore FDI has played a crucial role through the years in accelerating the economic development in Singapore. Being a small country with no natural resources, Singapore had depended on leading international companies not only in bringing in capital funds to broaden her economic base, but also in upgrading the technology and skill content of her industries.Since FDI is one way that Singapore can tap foreign technology, therefore a substantial amount of capital is required to help generate GDP. Furthermore, exchange rate will also play a role in determining GDP. A slow appreciation of the currency will increase the confidence of those who are investing in Singapore and help to attract more investment. The Singapore dollar appreciation will also curb imported inflation. The importance of FDI in Singapore is reflected in the country's ratio of inward FDI stock to GDP: at 72%, the ratio is the hig hest in the world.From Wendy Dobson & Chia Siow Yue (1997). That importance is also reflected in the fact that 90% of value added in Singapore's electronics industry (remarkable growth in exports and income) is accounted for by foreign investors, and that FDI accounts for fully two-thirds of equity capital in the country's manufacturing sector. From Wendy Dobson & Chia Siow Yue (1997). In addition, Singapore's productivity increased fastest in those industries in which FDI was concentrated. The rank correlation coefficients between increases in value added per worker and increases in FDI share and FDI level were . 2 and . 45. Moreover, because foreign direct investors' profits and outward remittances have tended to move in close tandem with the general performance of Singapore's economy and the health of its balance of payments, while the economic risk taking function is also borne by those investors, time and again Singapore's exceptional reliance on FDI has effectively cushioned i ts economy from the balance of payments and debt crises that have hurt many other developing economies. David M, Marchick & Matthew J. Slaughter (2008) Host Country policiesFDI is attracted to Singapore mainly due to Singapore's favourable investment climate and strategic geographical location. Some other reasons include non-fiscal advantages, Singapore's small domestic market combined with no tariffs on most imports and low corporate tax rates have made Singapore into a popular low-risk high-return FDI destination. In general, corporate taxes, or taxes imposed on corporate income, is an important determinant of MNCs' location decisions, just as individual income tax rates is an important determinant of where a person decides to work and live.Theoretically, other things equal, MNCs would prefer countries with lower corporate tax rates over countries with higher rates. Furthermore, a wide range of new incentives have been added over the years to promote FDI inflows. Burdensome regula tions and performance requirements for FDI can offset a generous package of tax incentives. However, in Singapore's case, the restrictions and regulations governing both the entry and operation of foreign enterprises and personnel are minimal.Overall, foreign investors are subject to the same government regulations as local investors, and both have a lot of freedom in pursuing their profit objectives. In addition to the general absence of performance requirements, Singapore has also signed a large number of avoidance of double taxation agreements, which mutually protect countries for a specific time against war and non-commercial risks of expropriation and nationalization.The four areas of Singapore's government regulations in different areas relevant to foreign investors are the foreign exchange regime, equity ownership, performance requirements and human resources. First, the foreign exchange regime is highly liberal and freely allows repatriation of capital and remittance of prof its, dividends, interests, royalty payments and technical licensing fees, as well as the free importation of goods and services for consumption, investment and production purposes.Second, foreign participation is permitted in most sectors of the economy except for some limitations in the monetary sector, areas of trained and skilled personnel. However, 100% foreign equity ownership is readily permitted. Third, there are no performance requirements for foreign investors such as domestic value-added content and local sourcing of inputs, no restrictions on borrowing from the domestic capital market, and no regulations and restrictions governing the transfer of technology.Fourth, there are only minimal restrictions on the recruitment of foreign personnel; employment passes are required but the government issues these quite liberally. However, the government does encourage foreign companies to hire local managerial and technical personnel. Singapore's non-fiscal advantages for foreign in vestors include strategic location, physical and financial infrastructure, human resources, political and social stability, good governance and a foreign investment policy that is liberal, comprehensive and well co-ordinated.Singapore's location astride major sea and air routes and in the heart of Southeast Asia – an economically dynamic region rich in natural resources – gives it a significant locational advantage in trade and investment. Singapore's highly liberal trade regime has further reinforced its natural locational advantage and turned it into Southeast Asia's undisputed trade hub, which, in turn, facilitates the export and import activities of foreign firms locating in Singapore.In addition, Singapore's time zone advantage, straddling East Asia and Western Europe, enables its financial markets and institutions to perform transactions with Japan, Europe and the US within its working hours. Singapore had reinforced and exploited its strategic geographical locat ion through large investments in physical infrastructure. Comprehensive air and sea transport and telecommunications link the city-state with the rest of the world.The domestic land transportation network is also well-developed and efficiently connects the airport and sea port to the business and financial districts. Singapore's airport and sea port are world-class facilities that are consistently ranked as among the best in the world. Its advanced telecommunications infrastructure facilitates business transactions with the outside world. Singapore has achieved world-class status in information and communications technology (ICT), while the government has ensured a reliable supply of power and water.Charles Oman (2000)   Industrial estates, business parks and science parks provide ready access to land and factory/office space and industrial, commercial and research facilities and amenities -reduces the capital investment requirements of foreign investors, enables quick start-ups, and promotes external economies of industrial clustering. Singapore is a major Asia-Pacific financial centre, and its well-developed financial markets, large inflows of capital, and abundance of national savings all contribute to the low cost of capital. Charles Oman (2000) .The government's human resource policy focuses on improving the productivity of the labour force through education and training. Singapore has adopted one of the most liberal immigration regimes in the world in order to expand its quantity as well as enhancing its quality. In terms of education, the government emphasizes technical and vocational education below tertiary level to provide a growing pool of technically competent workers, along with rapid expansion of engineering, business and computer science education at the tertiary level.Women were also encouraged to enter the workforce in a bid to boost the female labour force participation rate. Another major selling point of Singapore for foreign investors is its well-known socio-political stability and good governance. Its political background is well-secured and there is no history of incidents concerning politically motivated damage to foreign investments in Singapore. Not to mention that Singapore ranks as one of the least corrupt country in the world. Singapore has, and dynamically enforced, strong and solid anti-corruption laws.Political stability and an honest and effective political leadership and government have always been key elements in Singapore's favourable business environment. A pro-business government policy environment and high-quality civil service complements Singapore's excellent infrastructure and public capital. A remuneration system of paying relatively high salaries to civil servants attracts a constant stream of talented individuals to work for the government. World-class infrastructure and world-class government combine to offer a highly favourable environment for doing business.Singapore is consistently ranke d among the most competitive countries in the world terms of providing a sound business environment. According to the World Competitiveness Yearbook (WCY) 2005 by the Institute for Management Development (IMD), which ranks nations' business environments by analyzing their ability to provide an environment in which enterprises can compete effectively, in 2005 Singapore ranked 3rd among the sample of 60 major industrialized and emerging economies.The FDI has increased and better enhanced the quality of Singapore's entrepreneurial, managerial, marketing, technological and manpower resources. FDI had significantly contributed to higher exports and economic growth. However, further investigation also suggests that continuing large inflows of FDI may not be fully absorbed by the economy due to the scarcity of land and shortage of labour. This may lead to crowding out of domestic entrepreneurs.In order to overcome this problem, more domestic entrepreneurs are needed to emerge and invest ou tward so as to reduce the reliance on FDI. The outcomes of Singapore's strategies at attracting inward FDI Recent FDI Since 2003, one of the most active sectors in attracting FDI is the chemical sector. Through its subsidiary Faci Asia Pacific Private Ltd. , Faci SpA, has invested approximately US$5 million in a second metal stearate plant on Jurong Island, Singapore's chemical complex.And in 2006, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has developed a special relationship with the country, opening a number of ventures, with its investment in an antibiotics plant in the Tuas Biomedical Park. Not to mention, the Integrated Resorts have unnoticeably boost the foreign investments scene in Singapore and the many efforts made by the government to attract and sustain FDI such as, the revamping of Orchard Road for reportedly $40 million and establishing of the Circle line to facilitate travelling which completes just in time for the Youth Olympic games in 2010.Conclusion For Singapore to attract and sustai n FDI in all aspects, the structure that supports innovative activities must be further reinforced such as increasing research ability in public and private sectors, the availability of skilled human resources, policies to strengthen R&D infrastructure and so on, so as to foster innovation and local development. Although Singapore's education system and its no tariffs on most imports and low corporate rates are its main elements of attraction, there is always room for improvement.Summing up, the study of the strategies adopted by Singapore to attract inward FDI, the challenges that occurred, results and future directions were critically analyzed and supported with references and findings. Although Singapore is a very attractive destination of FDI, it still has a few areas where improvements can be made in order to maximise economic growth, profits and strategic development.So long as Singapore keep up with trends in the shift towards services, develop cross cultural literacy to avoi d being ill informed, sustain its competitive advantage, ensure accessibility of government information to foreign investors and continue to invest in the up and coming, biotechnology industries, it will continue to prosper. REFERENCES: Ijaz Nabi and Manjula Luthria. 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